Trace Elements in West Virginia Coals

Yttrium (Y) Summary Statistics

Yttrium averaged 7.53 ppm (± 4.21 ppm) in West Virginia coals with a broad, near normal histogram showing a slightly skewed distribution with a tail toward higher values and a maximum value of 32.61 ppm in a bench of the Coalburg coal. Yttrium did not correlate with ash yield, total sulfur, or pyritic sulfur but moderately with several rare earth elements including dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), ytterbium (Yb), neodymium (Nd), lutetium Lu), gadolinium (Gd), europium (Eu) and samarium (Sm) and several ash related elements such as vanadium (V), gallium (Ga), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr) and lead (Pb).

**Spearman Correlation Coefficients (r) with Yttrium**
Ash Yield	Dy	Er	Yb	Nd	Lu	V
+0.4535	+0.8130	+0.8115	+0.7421	+0.7319	+0.7111	+0.6946
n = 845	n = 78	n = 208	n = 547	n = 418	n = 503	n = 844
Ga	Gd	Sc	Zr	Pb	Eu	Sm
+0.6853	+0.6774	+0.6764	+0.6512	+0.6361	+0.6352	+0.6125
n = 844	n = 335	n = 845	n = 747	n = 842	n = 540	n = 538

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Page last revised: March 1, 2002

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