Trace Elements in West Virginia Coals

Lead (Pb) Summary Statistics

Lead in West Virginia coal averaged 8.19 ppm (± 6.23 ppm) with a histogram skewed toward low values and a strong tail toward higher values and a maximum value of 70.56 ppm in a sample of the Upper Kittanning coal. Lead correlated slightly with ash yield, and somewhat with the ash related elements thorium (Th), lithium (Li), chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), lutetium (Lu), copper (Cu), scandium (Sc), gallium (Ga), tellurium (Te) and zirconium (Zr), and rare earth elements in the mineral monazite, especially cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La) plus samarium (Sm), europium (Eu) and ytterbium (Yb).

**Spearman Correlation Coefficients (r) with Lead**
Ash Yield	Th	Li	Cr	V	Lu	Cu	Sc
+0.6440	+0.7984	+0.7839	+0.7680	+0.7618	+0.7286	+0.7526	+0.7468
n = 842	n = 819	n = 842	n = 841	n = 841	n = 500	n = 841	n = 842
Ga	Te	Ce	La	Sm	Eu	Yb	Zr
+0.7324	+0.7259	+0.7200	+0.7149	+0.7019	+0.7038	+0.7030	+0.6770
n = 841	n = 113	n = 543	n = 542	n = 535	n = 538	n = 544	n = 744

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Page last revised: March 2, 2002

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